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Pompeii was an ancient city located near Naples in the Campania region of Italy. Pompeii, along with Herculaneum and many villas in the surrounding area were buried under13 to 20 ft. of volcanic ash and pumice in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79.
Largely preserved under the ash, the excavated city offered a unique snapshot of Roman life, frozen at the moment it was buried, and an extraordinarily detailed insight into the everyday life of its inhabitants, although much of the evidence was lost in the early excavations.
“I Must See Rome” Tour
8 Days in the Footsteps of Peter & Paul
Italy Tour
Travel to Italy and follow the paths the Apostles Peter and Paul walked spreading Christianity. These Christian tours are guided by our Biblically trained guides that are knowledgeable in both the scripture and history of the Bible.
Visit Pozzuoli where Paul first entered the mainland, Pompeii where we can gain an understanding of the time period as we walk through a city frozen in time, and travel the Appian Roadway that was traveled by Paul in his journey. End your tour in Rome with a visit to St. Paul Outside the Walls and the Basilica of St.
Peter.
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Pompeii in Latin is a second declension masculine plural noun (Pompeiī, -ōrum). According to Theodor Kraus, “The root of the word Pompeii would appear to be the Oscan word for the number five, pompe, which suggests that either the community consisted of five hamlets or perhaps it was settled by a family group.
Pompeii was a wealthy town, enjoying many fine public buildings and luxurious private houses with lavish decorations, furnishings and works of art which were the main attractions for the early excavators.
Pompeii’s organic remains including wooden objects and human bodies, were entombed in the ash. Over time, they decayed, leaving voids which archaeologists found could be used as molds to make plaster casts of unique — and often gruesome — figures in their final moments of life. The numerous graffiti carved on the walls and inside rooms provide a wealth of examples of the largely lost Vulgar Latin spoken colloquially at the time.
Mount Vesuvius erupted on August 24, 79 CE. Pompeii excavations and vulcanological studies, notably in the late 20th century, have brought out further details. Just after midday in either August or October, fragments of ash, pumice, and other volcanic debris began pouring down on Pompeii, quickly covering the city to a depth of more than 9 feet and causing the roofs of many houses to fall in. Surges of pyroclastic material and heated gas, known as nuées ardentes, reached the city walls on the morning of August 25 and soon asphyxiated those residents who had not been killed by falling debris. Additional pyroclastic flows and rains of ash followed, adding at least another 9 feet of debris and preserving in a pall of ash the bodies of the inhabitants who
perished while taking shelter in their houses or trying to escape toward the coast or by the roads leading to Stabiae or Nuceria. The city’s sudden burial served to protect it for the next 17 centuries from vandalism, looting, and the destructive effects of climate and weather.